Liraglutide Novel Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus...

Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists The newest class of antidiabeteic medications to be approved for use in the United States is the glucagon-like- peptide-1 agonists (GLP-1). There are two drugs in this class that are currently available, exenatide (Byetta, Bydurian) and liraglutide (Victoza) (LexiComp, 2014). These medications mimic the actions of endogenous GLP-1. Endogenous GLP-1 is secreted from the L-cells in the colon and ileum in response to the ingestion of nutrients (Ryan, Foster, Jobe, 2011, p. 794). GLP-1 has a half-life of 2 minutes due to the action of the DPP-4 enzymes. GLP-1 agonists overcome this issue by having an altered structure that renders them less susceptible to DPP-4 enzymatic degradation thus†¦show more content†¦However, recommendations from the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American College of Endocrinologists support the use of GLP-1 agonists as first-line monotherapy in patients whose HbA1c is between 6.5% and 7.5% and recommend the addition of m etformin in patients whose HbA1c are between 7.6% and 8.5% (Garber et al., 2013, p. 4). Metformin is the preferred treatment for type 2 diabetes based on the guidelines established by the American Diabetic Association (ADA, 2014, p. S20). The ADA recognizes that type 2 diabetes is a progressive disease that may require the addition of other pharmacological agents in addition to continued lifestyle modification to control hyperglycemia and to mitigate complications that may arise from type 2 diabetes. The ADA recommends the addition of other classes of medications once metformin with lifestyle changes alone are inadequate to meet treatment targets (ADA, 2014, p. S20). GLP-1 receptor agonists are one of the classes that may be used in addition to metformin and lifestyle modifications. The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American College of Endocrinologists in their 2013 recommendations also recommend metformin as an initial therapy for patients with an HbA1c 7.5% (Garber et al., 2013, p.Show MoreRelatedEssay on Liraglutide: Novel Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus1006 Words   |  5 Pagespharmacological treatment of type 2 diabetes. The most recent developments have been around the incretin hormones. Glucagon-like peptide 1-receptor agonists (GLP-1) have demonstrated efficacy and safety in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Liraglutide (Victoza) is a GLP-1 receptor agonist that has demonstrated advantages in lower hemoglobin A1c in this class of medications and assisting patients in reducing weight. Liraglutide: Novel treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Diabetes is rapidlyRead MoreTherapy For Diabetes : Conclusion Or Illusion? Essay904 Words   |  4 PagesGLP-1-GASTRIN AGONIST BASED THERAPY FOR DIABETES: CONCLUSION OR ILLUSION? Keywords: diabetes mellitus, dual agonist, gastrin, GLP-1, glucose tolerance Abbreviations: ÃŽ ²-cell, pancreatic beta-cell; DDP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; GLP-1, gluacgon-like-peptide-1; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; PPAR-ÃŽ ³, peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-ÃŽ ³ TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Revised Commentary 2 1.1 Main Findings 2 1.2 A Repeat of History 4 References 6 2. Feedback Received from PeersRead MoreThe Role of DPP-4 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus1828 Words   |  8 PagesAs the incidence of type 2 diabetes is steadily increasing, the demand for treatment options is increasing. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4) are a new class of oral anti-hyperglycemic medications that target the incretin system found in the gut. Evidence has shown that treatment with DPP-4 inhibitors has shown significant reductions in HbA1c and increased pancreatic ÃŽ ²-cell function without an increased risk of hypoglycemia. In this document, the pharmacology, clinical efficacy, and incidence